Em alusão ao Março Azul Marinho, Gabriel Zanardo, Oncologista Clínico da Oncomed – MT, esclarece dúvidas sobre a doença que afeta milhares de brasileiros anualmente
Por Marianne Mariano – Ascom (Integra Comunicação estratégica)
O Câncer Colorretal é o terceiro tipo de câncer mais comum no Brasil, segundo o Instituto Nacional do Câncer (Inca). Um dos casos mais recentes que trouxeram visibilidade à doença foi o diagnóstico da cantora Preta Gil, em janeiro de 2023. A artista compartilhou sua jornada de tratamento nas redes sociais, o que ressaltou a importância do diagnóstico precoce, essencial para aumentar as chances de cura.
Durante o mês de março, a campanha Março Azul Marinho busca conscientizar a população sobre o Câncer Colorretal, reforçando a necessidade de hábitos saudáveis e exames preventivos. O Oncologista Clínico Gabriel Zanardo, da Oncomed-MT, esclarece os principais mitos e verdades sobre a doença:
Oncologista Clínico Gabriel Zanardo – Foto: Divulgação
Alimentação adequada pode ajudar a prevenir o Câncer de Intestino
Verdade. Uma alimentação saudável tem papel essencial na prevenção do Câncer Colorretal. O consumo de fibras, presentes em frutas, vegetais, cereais integrais e leguminosas, ajuda a regular o funcionamento intestinal e reduzir a exposição da mucosa do intestino a substâncias carcinogênicas. Além disso, é fundamental evitar alimentos ultraprocessados, embutidos e carnes processadas. A moderação no consumo de álcool e o não tabagismo também são fatores importantes para diminuir as chances de desenvolver o câncer de intestino.
O Câncer de Intestino pode ser hereditário
Verdade. Apenas 10% dos casos de Câncer Colorretal são de origem hereditária. Embora a maioria dos Cânceres Colorretais não tenha relação com fatores hereditários, algumas síndromes aumentam consideravelmente o risco da doença. Dentre elas, a Síndrome de Lynch é a mais conhecida, sendo associada a mutações genéticas que predispõem os pacientes ao desenvolvimento de Câncer Intestinal. Pessoas com histórico familiar de Câncer Colorretal devem procurar orientação médica para um acompanhamento mais rigoroso, que inclua rastreamento precoce e exames genéticos.
A Colonoscopia é um exame muito doloroso
Mito. O exame é realizado sob sedação, garantindo que o paciente não sinta dor ou desconforto durante o procedimento. O máximo que pode ocorrer após a Colonoscopia é um leve inchaço abdominal devido ao ar inserido para a visualização do Intestino, mas essa sensação passa rapidamente. O exame é considerado seguro e essencial para a prevenção e diagnóstico precoce.
Fazer colonoscopia regularmente pode prevenir o câncer de intestino
Verdade. A Colonoscopia é uma ferramenta fundamental na detecção precoce e na prevenção da doença. Durante o exame, é possível identificar pólipos intestinais – formações benignas que podem evoluir para Câncer ao longo do tempo – e removê-los antes que se tornem malignos. A recomendação atual é que pessoas sem fatores de risco comecem a fazer a Colonoscopia a partir dos 45 anos, a cada cinco anos.
O uso de aspirina pode ajudar a prevenir o Câncer de Intestino
Verdade, mas com ressalvas. Alguns estudos em fases iniciais indicam que o uso contínuo de aspirina em baixas doses pode ter um efeito protetor contra o Câncer Colorretal, especialmente para pessoas com predisposição genética. O medicamento age reduzindo inflamações, o que pode inibir as formações de Pólipos. No entanto, seu uso indiscriminado não é recomendado e não pode ser utilizada com essa finalidade, pois a aspirina pode causar efeitos Colaterais graves, como sangramentos gastrointestinais e perfuração do Estômago. O uso da aspirina como estratégia de prevenção deve ser avaliado por um médico, que considerará os riscos e benefícios para cada paciente.
Apenas quem tem sintomas deve fazer exames preventivos
Mito. O Câncer Colorretal é uma doença silenciosa em suas fases iniciais, ou seja, pode não apresentar sintomas. Quando os sinais aparecem – como sangue nas fezes, alteração persistente do hábito intestinal (diarreia ou prisão de ventre), perda de peso sem explicação e dores abdominais, a doença pode estar mais avançada. Por isso, a realização de exames preventivos, como a Colonoscopia, é essencial para o diagnóstico precoce do Câncer. A recomendação é que todas as pessoas, mesmo sem sintomas, realizem o exame a cada 5 anos. Já aqueles que apresentarem sintomas persistentes devem fazer a Colonoscopia, independentemente da idade.
Imagem: https://www.institutojorgereina.com.br/
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