Atrofia Muscular Espinhal: o que é fato e o que é mito sobre a principal causa genética de mortalidade infantil

Publicado em

WhatsApp
Facebook
Copiar Link
URL copiada com sucesso!

POR JÉSSIE COSTA – ASCOM/INPRESS (jessie.costa@inpresspni.com.br)

A Atrofia Muscular Espinhal (AME) é uma doença genética com incidência aproximada de 1 em cada 11.000 nascimentos vivos.

É a maior causa genética de mortalidade infantil, uma doença progressiva e incapacitante que compromete a mobilidade, a respiração e a deglutição, além de gerar um impacto psicológico profundo para pacientes e familiares. Atualmente, estima-se que a prevalência da AME Tipo 1 e 2 é de 100.000 pessoas no Brasil, de acordo com o Ministério da Saúde.

Sem os cuidados adequados, a AME pode comprometer significativamente a qualidade de vida e autonomia dos pacientes, com potencial de ser letal. A raridade da doença, contudo, gera um desconhecimento entre a sociedade, e até mesmo entre profissionais de saúde.

“A AME é uma doença genética rara”

VERDADE. A AME afeta aproximadamente de 1 em cada 10.000 nascimentos vivos, portanto, é considerada uma doença rara. As pessoas que vivem com AME têm a ausência ou a deficiência de um gene chamado SMN1, portanto não conseguem produzir a proteína SMN adequadamente, o que leva à morte dos neurônios motores.

Os neurônios motores são as células que controlam as atividades musculares essenciais como andar, falar, engolir e respirar, e precisam da proteína SMN, que é o seu “alimento”. No organismo, o principal responsável por produzir a proteína SMN é justamente o gene SMN1.

“A AME só afeta bebês e crianças”.

MITO. Embora a AME seja frequentemente diagnosticada em bebês e crianças devido à gravidade de alguns tipos da doença, a condição pode se manifestar em qualquer fase da vida. O diagnóstico em idades mais avançadas costuma ser mais desafiador, pois os sintomas podem ser mais sutis e confundidos com outras condições neuromusculares.

A AME é classificada em cinco tipos (0, I, II, III e IV), de acordo com a idade em que os sintomas se desenvolvem e de acordo com o máximo marco motor alcançado. Nos casos mais graves (tipos 0 e I), problemas motores e respiratórios se desenvolvem já nos primeiros meses de vida.

Na AME tipo 3, que representa cerca de 13% dos novos portadores da mutação, o surgimento dos sintomas acontece após os 18 meses de idade e, em alguns casos, durante a vida adulta. Essas pessoas adquirem a  capacidade de ficar em pé e andar, mas devido à progressão da doença, podem perder essa habilidade ao longo da vida. Os principais sintomas podem incluir fraqueza muscular, dor muscular e escoliose.

Já a AME tipo 4, por sua vez, é marcada por uma progressão lenta dos sintomas, que tendem a aparecer somente na vida adulta.

“É importante que a AME seja diagnosticada o mais cedo possível”. 

VERDADE. Com o avanço da ciência, surgiram terapias para a AME que podem alterar o curso da doença. Esses tratamentos são mais eficazes quando iniciados o mais cedo possível, antes que ocorra uma perda significativa de neurônios motores. Quanto mais cedo o tratamento for iniciado, maior a chance de preservar a função muscular e melhorar a sobrevida e  qualidade de vida. Nos casos mais graves, a ausência de tratamento pode levar a uma morte prematura.

A confirmação da AME só é possível com o teste genético molecular; porém, a investigação começa na triagem neonatal, capaz de detectar a doença ainda na fase pré‑sintomática. O Teste do Pezinho oferecido pelo SUS está sendo ampliado para incluir 53 doenças, entre elas a AME.

Alguns estados, como o Distrito Federal e Minas Gerais já incorporam a AME à triagem neonatal, enquanto São Paulo conduziu projetos piloto nos últimos anos. Quando o resultado da triagem é positivo, ele é confirmado por exame genético, permitindo que o tratamento se inicie o mais cedo possível.

“Pessoas com AME têm expectativa de vida curta”

MITO.  Essa afirmação já foi uma realidade no passado recente, especialmente entre as pessoas com as formas mais graves da doença, mas os avanços no tratamento da AME mudaram drasticamente esse cenário. O diagnóstico precoce e o acesso às terapias modificadoras da doença, além de uma abordagem com equipe multidisciplinar, oferecem a possibilidade de uma vida significativamente mais longa e com melhor qualidade para muitas pessoas com AME.

Atualmente, a expectativa depende do tipo de AME, da precocidade do diagnóstico e do acesso aos cuidados adequados.

“Existe cura para a AME”.

MITO. A AME não tem cura, e os neurônios perdidos não podem ser regenerados. Apesar disso, os cuidados adequados e no tempo certo podem estabilizar a progressão da doença e melhorar a qualidade de vida e a autonomia do paciente.

Embora a palavra “cura” ainda não seja uma realidade, é importante reforçar que as terapias atuais oferecem esperança e a possibilidade de uma vida substancialmente melhor para as pessoas com AME.

“Existem tratamentos eficazes para AME disponíveis gratuitamente”

VERDADE. Atualmente, o SUS oferece acesso a três terapias modificadoras da doença que podem melhorar significativamente a qualidade de vida e a sobrevida de pessoas com AME. O acesso a esses tratamentos no SUS segue critérios clínicos definidos em Protocolos Clínicos e Diretrizes Terapêuticas (PCDTs), estabelecidos pelo Ministério da Saúde.

É importante ressaltar que, até o momento, não é possível afirmar que algum tratamento é mais eficaz, visto que não há estudos comparativos entre as terapias ou evidências clínicas que apontem para tanto.

Portanto, é fundamental que pacientes com AME e suas famílias busquem informações, para entender os critérios de acesso e as opções de tratamento disponíveis no sistema público.

“Pessoas com AME não podem realizar atividades físicas ou esportes.

MITO. Pessoas com AME não apenas podem, como em muitos casos, se beneficiam da realização de atividades físicas e esportes adaptados.

É verdade que, nos tipos mais graves da doença, ou quando os sintomas já avançaram muito, o paciente pode ficar impossibilitado de praticar atividades físicas, mas boa parte das pessoas com AME podem, sim, praticar diversos tipos de esportes. Entre os principais benefícios da atividade física para pessoas com AME, estão a manutenção da força muscular e a melhora da mobilidade e flexibilidade, além da saúde cardiovascular e o bem-estar mental e emocional.

Há inúmeros exemplos de pessoas com AME que levam vidas ativas e participam de esportes adaptados em diferentes níveis, inclusive profissionalmente. Essas histórias inspiradoras demonstram que, com as adaptações e os cuidados adequados, é possível superar as limitações impostas pela condição e desfrutar dos benefícios da atividade física.

184 comentários em “Atrofia Muscular Espinhal: o que é fato e o que é mito sobre a principal causa genética de mortalidade infantil”

  1. Undeniably believe that which you stated. Your favorite reason appeared to
    be on the internet the simplest thing to be aware of. I say
    to you, I definitely get irked while people consider worries that they just don’t know about.
    You managed to hit the nail upon the top and also defined out the whole
    thing without having side effect , people can take a signal.

    Will probably be back to get more. Thanks

    Responder
  2. Does your blog have a contact page? I’m having trouble locating it but, I’d
    like to send you an e-mail. I’ve got some creative ideas for your blog you might be interested in hearing.
    Either way, great website and I look forward to seeing it improve over time.

    Responder
  3. I loved as much as you will receive carried out right here.

    The sketch is tasteful, your authored subject matter stylish.
    nonetheless, you command get got an nervousness over that you wish be delivering the following.
    unwell unquestionably come further formerly again as exactly the
    same nearly very often inside case you shield this hike.

    Responder
    • Great – I should certainly pronounce, impressed with your web site. I had no trouble navigating through all the tabs and related info ended up being truly simple to do to access. I recently found what I hoped for before you know it in the least. Reasonably unusual. Is likely to appreciate it for those who add forums or something, web site theme . a tones way for your client to communicate. Nice task..

      Responder
  4. I think that what you published was actually very logical.

    However, what about this? what if you were to create a killer post title?
    I am not suggesting your content isn’t solid, but suppose you added a post title that makes people want more?
    I mean Atrofia Muscular Espinhal: o que é fato e o que é mito sobre a principal causa genética de mortalidade infantil – Jornal do Sudoeste is a
    little vanilla. You could peek at Yahoo’s front page
    and note how they create article headlines to grab viewers to click.
    You might add a video or a related picture or two to get readers excited about what you’ve written.
    In my opinion, it might bring your posts a little livelier.

    Responder
  5. You are so awesome! I do not believe I have read
    anything like this before. So wonderful to find someone with a few original thoughts on this subject matter.
    Really.. thanks for starting this up. This site is one thing
    that’s needed on the web, someone with a bit of originality!

    Responder
  6. Write more, thats all I have to say. Literally, it seems as though you relied on the video to make your point.

    You clearly know what youre talking about, why waste your intelligence on just posting
    videos to your blog when you could be giving us something enlightening
    to read?

    Responder
  7. After I initially commented I seem to have clicked the -Notify me
    when new comments are added- checkbox and from now on whenever a comment is added I get four emails with the same comment.

    There has to be an easy method you are able to remove me from that service?
    Thanks a lot!

    Responder
  8. Attractive section of content. I simply stumbled
    upon your website and in accession capital to claim that
    I acquire in fact loved account your blog posts. Anyway I
    will be subscribing in your augment or even I achievement you access
    constantly fast.

    Responder
  9. Ꮪince there are reаlly many prefer from, greateѕt site
    in order to іnviting. When playing online there is average of 70 hands an 60
    minute. Black Jack – it is French card game.

    Here is my website: we88

    Responder
  10. Ⴝеcond, when doing that, be certain to check out their re-deposіt bonus plans
    too. Well, what one does run associatеd ԝith your money before hand?
    The “don’t” for baccarat is due to tie traɗеs.

    Fеel free to surf to my website; M888

    Responder
  11. Awesome site you have here but I was curious if
    you knew of any discussion boards that cover the same topics talked about in this article?
    I’d really like to be a part of group where I can get advice from other knowledgeable people that share
    the same interest. If you have any suggestions, please let me know.
    Thank you!

    Responder
  12. Simply wish to say your article is as surprising. The
    clarity to your publish is simply spectacular and that i could think you’re an expert on this subject.

    Fine along with your permission allow me to grab your RSS feed to
    stay up to date with drawing close post. Thank you one million and please continue the gratifying work.

    Responder
  13. An impressive share, I just given this onto a colleague who was doing a little analysis on this. And he in fact bought me breakfast because I found it for him.. smile. So let me reword that: Thnx for the treat! But yeah Thnkx for spending the time to discuss this, I feel strongly about it and love reading more on this topic. If possible, as you become expertise, would you mind updating your blog with more details? It is highly helpful for me. Big thumb up for this blog post!

    Responder
  14. Someone essentially help to make seriously posts I would state. This is the very first time I frequented your web page and thus far? I surprised with the research you made to create this particular publish incredible. Excellent job!

    Responder
  15. of course like your web site however you have to check the spelling on quite a few of your posts. Many of them are rife with spelling problems and I find it very troublesome to inform the reality then again I’ll surely come back again.

    Responder
  16. The following time I read a weblog, I hope that it doesnt disappoint me as a lot as this one. I imply, I know it was my choice to learn, however I actually thought youd have something interesting to say. All I hear is a bunch of whining about one thing that you might fix when you werent too busy looking for attention.

    Responder
  17. I in addition to my friends happened to be looking through the excellent guides from the website and then unexpectedly developed a horrible feeling I had not expressed respect to you for those techniques. All of the ladies are actually for that reason excited to read all of them and now have in reality been taking pleasure in those things. Many thanks for indeed being simply kind as well as for deciding on some beneficial areas millions of individuals are really eager to understand about. My very own sincere regret for not saying thanks to you earlier.

    Responder
  18. Pretty nice post. I just stumbled upon your weblog and wished to mention that I’ve really enjoyed surfing around your weblog posts. In any case I’ll be subscribing in your rss feed and I hope you write again soon!

    Responder
  19. This blog is definitely rather handy since I’m at the moment creating an internet floral website – although I am only starting out therefore it’s really fairly small, nothing like this site. Can link to a few of the posts here as they are quite. Thanks much. Zoey Olsen

    Responder
  20. What i don’t understood is in truth how you are no longer actually much more well-liked than you may be right now. You are so intelligent. You realize thus considerably on the subject of this topic, made me in my opinion believe it from numerous varied angles. Its like men and women don’t seem to be involved until it is something to accomplish with Girl gaga! Your personal stuffs outstanding. Always care for it up!

    Responder
  21. Write more, thats all I have to say. Literally, it seems as though you relied on the video to make your point. You definitely know what youre talking about, why throw away your intelligence on just posting videos to your site when you could be giving us something informative to read?

    Responder
  22. Good ?V I should definitely pronounce, impressed with your web site. I had no trouble navigating through all the tabs and related info ended up being truly easy to do to access. I recently found what I hoped for before you know it at all. Quite unusual. Is likely to appreciate it for those who add forums or something, web site theme . a tones way for your client to communicate. Nice task..

    Responder
  23. Write more, thats all I have to say. Literally, it seems as though you relied on the video to make your point. You definitely know what youre talking about, why waste your intelligence on just posting videos to your blog when you could be giving us something informative to read?

    Responder
  24. Woah! I’m really enjoying the template/theme of this site. It’s simple, yet effective. A lot of times it’s difficult to get that “perfect balance” between usability and visual appearance. I must say you’ve done a awesome job with this. Additionally, the blog loads super fast for me on Safari. Excellent Blog!

    Responder
  25. There are actually a lot of particulars like that to take into consideration. That may be a great level to convey up. I supply the ideas above as common inspiration however clearly there are questions just like the one you bring up where the most important factor will probably be working in honest good faith. I don?t know if best practices have emerged around issues like that, but I’m positive that your job is clearly identified as a good game. Each boys and girls really feel the impact of only a moment’s pleasure, for the remainder of their lives.

    Responder
  26. Good day! I know this is kinda off topic nevertheless I’d figured I’d ask. Would you be interested in trading links or maybe guest writing a blog article or vice-versa? My blog covers a lot of the same subjects as yours and I feel we could greatly benefit from each other. If you’re interested feel free to send me an email. I look forward to hearing from you! Fantastic blog by the way!

    Responder
  27. Nearly all of what you state happens to be supprisingly precise and it makes me ponder the reason why I hadn’t looked at this in this light before. This piece truly did turn the light on for me as far as this topic goes. Nonetheless at this time there is actually 1 position I am not too comfy with so whilst I attempt to reconcile that with the core idea of your point, let me see exactly what the rest of your subscribers have to point out.Well done.

    Responder
  28. What i do not understood is actually how you are not actually much more well-liked than you might be now. You are so intelligent. You realize thus considerably relating to this subject, made me personally consider it from numerous varied angles. Its like women and men aren’t fascinated unless it is one thing to do with Lady gaga! Your own stuffs great. Always maintain it up!

    Responder
  29. Hello this is somewhat of off topic but I was wondering if blogs use WYSIWYG editors or if you have to manually code with HTML. I’m starting a blog soon but have no coding skills so I wanted to get advice from someone with experience. Any help would be enormously appreciated!

    Responder
  30. I simply wanted to thank you very much once more. I do not know the things that I might have implemented in the absence of the entire tips provided by you about such a subject. It actually was a frightful matter for me, however , spending time with the very skilled style you resolved it forced me to leap for contentment. Now i’m thankful for the information and as well , hope you recognize what an amazing job you are getting into instructing some other people through your blog. I know that you haven’t encountered all of us.

    Responder
  31. Hey! This is kind of off topic but I need some advice from an established blog. Is it tough to set up your own blog? I’m not very techincal but I can figure things out pretty fast. I’m thinking about creating my own but I’m not sure where to start. Do you have any ideas or suggestions? Many thanks

    Responder
  32. Do you have a spam issue on this blog; I also am a blogger, and I was wondering your situation; many of us have created some nice procedures and we are looking to trade solutions with other folks, be sure to shoot me an email if interested.

    Responder
  33. I was more than happy to seek out this internet-site.I wanted to thanks to your time for this wonderful learn!! I definitely having fun with every little little bit of it and I have you bookmarked to check out new stuff you weblog post.

    Responder
  34. Just wish to say your article is as surprising. The clearness for your put up is just cool and i can suppose you’re a professional in this subject. Fine along with your permission let me to clutch your RSS feed to keep up to date with approaching post. Thank you one million and please continue the gratifying work.

    Responder
  35. I have been exploring for a bit for any high-quality articles or blog posts on this sort of house . Exploring in Yahoo I eventually stumbled upon this website. Studying this info So i am happy to show that I’ve a very good uncanny feeling I discovered exactly what I needed. I such a lot for sure will make certain to do not fail to remember this website and provides it a look on a relentless basis.

    Responder
  36. Whats up very nice blog!! Guy .. Excellent .. Wonderful .. I’ll bookmark your blog and take the feeds also?KI’m glad to search out numerous useful information right here in the put up, we need develop extra strategies in this regard, thank you for sharing. . . . . .

    Responder
  37. Thanks for sharing superb informations. Your web site is so cool. I’m impressed by the details that you’ve on this site. It reveals how nicely you understand this subject. Bookmarked this web page, will come back for extra articles. You, my friend, ROCK! I found simply the information I already searched all over the place and simply couldn’t come across. What a perfect web-site.

    Responder
  38. This design is wicked! You obviously know how to keep a reader amused. Between your wit and your videos, I was almost moved to start my own blog (well, almost…HaHa!) Fantastic job. I really enjoyed what you had to say, and more than that, how you presented it. Too cool!

    Responder
  39. I together with my guys were found to be taking note of the excellent tactics located on your web page and then before long I had a horrible suspicion I never thanked the web blog owner for those strategies. My women are already consequently stimulated to see them and have absolutely been having fun with them. Many thanks for getting indeed kind and for deciding on these kinds of good topics most people are really needing to be informed on. My very own honest regret for not expressing gratitude to earlier.

    Responder
  40. Definitely believe that which you stated. Your favorite justification appeared to be on the internet the simplest thing to be aware of. I say to you, I definitely get irked while people think about worries that they plainly do not know about. You managed to hit the nail upon the top and also defined out the whole thing without having side-effects , people can take a signal. Will probably be back to get more. Thanks

    Responder
  41. Very nice post. I just stumbled upon your weblog and wanted to say that I’ve truly enjoyed surfing around your blog posts. In any case I will be subscribing to your feed and I hope you write again very soon!

    Responder
  42. My spouse and I absolutely love your blog and find almost all of your post’s to be what precisely I’m looking for. Does one offer guest writers to write content to suit your needs? I wouldn’t mind creating a post or elaborating on a number of the subjects you write with regards to here. Again, awesome weblog!

    Responder
  43. I feel that is among the so much important information for me. And i’m happy studying your article. However want to remark on some general issues, The web site taste is perfect, the articles is really nice :D. Good job, cheers

    Responder
  44. I am extremely impressed with your writing skills and also with the layout on your weblog. Is this a paid theme or did you customize it yourself? Either way keep up the excellent quality writing, it is rare to see a great blog like this one today..

    Responder
  45. Thank you, I’ve recently been looking for info about this topic for a while and yours is the best I’ve came upon so far. However, what in regards to the conclusion? Are you certain about the source?

    Responder
  46. Hello, Neat post. There’s a problem along with your website in web explorer, might check this… IE nonetheless is the marketplace chief and a large component of folks will pass over your excellent writing due to this problem.

    Responder
  47. You can definitely see your expertise in the paintings you write. The arena hopes for even more passionate writers like you who aren’t afraid to say how they believe. At all times go after your heart. “There are only two industries that refer to their customers as users.” by Edward Tufte.

    Responder
  48. Do you mind if I quote a few of your articles as long as I provide credit and sources back to your blog? My website is in the exact same niche as yours and my visitors would definitely benefit from a lot of the information you present here. Please let me know if this okay with you. Cheers!

    Responder
  49. What i do not realize is actually how you’re not actually much more well-liked than you might be right now. You are so intelligent. You realize thus considerably relating to this subject, made me personally consider it from numerous varied angles. Its like women and men aren’t fascinated unless it is one thing to accomplish with Lady gaga! Your own stuffs excellent. Always maintain it up!

    Responder
  50. This is the right weblog for anyone who desires to find out about this topic. You realize so much its almost laborious to argue with you (not that I actually would want…HaHa). You positively put a new spin on a topic thats been written about for years. Great stuff, just great!

    Responder
  51. I’m not sure where you are getting your information, but great topic. I needs to spend some time learning much more or understanding more. Thanks for fantastic info I was looking for this information for my mission.

    Responder
  52. Please let me know if you’re looking for a article author for your weblog. You have some really good articles and I believe I would be a good asset. If you ever want to take some of the load off, I’d love to write some articles for your blog in exchange for a link back to mine. Please shoot me an email if interested. Kudos!

    Responder

Deixe um comentário

Jornal Digital
Jornal Digital EdiÇÃo Digital – 758